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First, the relative term.
1. The outer diameter (outside diameter): maximum diameter spring coils, also known as large diameter.
2. The inner diameter (inside diameter): Minimum diameter spring coils, also known trails.
3. The pitch diameter (pitch diameter): outer and inner diameter of the average diameter.
4. Wire (line diameter): The diameter of the spring wire.
5. The free length (free length): the entire length of the spring when not force it.
6. The total number of laps (total coils): spring from one end to the other end of all spiral turns.
7. Effective Number (effective coils) circle: to support the load, the number of effective action of the helical coil.
8. deflection (deflection): spring by the amount of deformation after the external force. X represents often.
9. The spring constant (spring constant): When spring by external force, the ratio of the amount of load and deformation often load and deformation of the ratio. Often with "K" indicates.
10. The spring index (spring index): section diameter spring coils and the ratio of the diameter.
Second, the spring work stress
Factors affecting the size of the job stress are:
1. The spring bear the load shape.
2. The material composition and heat treatment.
3. Effect of vibration and momentum.
4. corrosive effects.
5. The spring surface conditions.
Third, the relaxation phenomena (creep phenomenon)
1. The temperature rise: temperature, the material will produce swelling and softening, resulting in reduced spring limit.
2. Load increase: load increases, if too long, the spring will produce relaxation spring will produce relaxation.
Four, residual stress
Spring rolling and heat treatment process, are likely some residual internal stress.
Fifth, the fatigue limit
The material is still subject to repetitive stress induced destruction of the maximum, called fatigue limit. Most of the damage caused by fatigue, the biggest drawback is the poor surface spring. When the spring is defective or crack, that is prone to repetitive stress fatigue damage.
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